CentOS6_Tomcat+JDK+MySQL
笺注：Tomcat的版本与JDK的版本最好对应，如本例中使用Tomcat8.x.x+JDK1.8.x；Tomcat8最低可以兼容JDK1.7； Tomcat的版本不可以低于JDK的版本。
相关软件的下载：[url]https://pan.baidu.com/s/1xqo5f32nVqpSqSmWS2ewkw[/url]
笺注：所有软件都适用于CentOS6、CentOS7、CentOS8
主机信息：
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
[color=Purple]CentOS release 6.9 (Final)[/color]
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# uname -r
[color=Purple]2.6.32-696.el6.x86_64[/color]
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig eth0 |grep "inet addr" |awk '{print $2}' |awk -F: '{print $2}'
[color=Purple]192.168.168.135[/color]
关闭SELinux:
setenforce 0
sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
先卸载系统自带的JDK：
yum -y remove java*
安装JDK：
tar -zxvf jdk-8u92-linux-x64.gz
mv -f jdk1.8.0_92/ /usr/local/jdk
配置JDK的环境变量：
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/profile
追加：
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk
JAVA_BIN=/usr/local/jdk/bin
JRE_HOME=/usr/local/jdk/jre
PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/jdk/bin:/usr/local/jdk/jre/bin
CLASSPATH=/usr/local/jdk/jre/lib:/usr/local/jdk/lib:/usr/local/jdk/jre/lib/charsets.jar
使环境变量生效：
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile
测试JDK：（ [color=Blue]java -version[/color] ）
[attach]17017[/attach]
## 安装Tomcat
tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-8.5.23.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
mv /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.23/ /usr/local/tomcat
运行Tomcat：
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
[attach]17018[/attach]
关闭Tomcat：
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
[attach]17019[/attach]
在系统启动的时候，自动启动Tomcat：
echo 'export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk' >> /etc/rc.local
echo '/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh' >> /etc/rc.local
检测Tomcat有没有在运行的方法：
[root@localhost ~]# ps -ef | grep [color=Blue]java[/color]
root [color=Purple]1643[/color] 1 14 05:57 ? 00:00:11 /usr/local/jdk/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -classpath /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/tomcat -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/tomcat -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/tomcat/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
root 1724 1710 0 05:58 pts/0 00:00:00 grep java
[root@localhost ~]# ps aux | grep [color=Blue]java[/color]
root [color=Purple]1643[/color] 9.1 11.2 2286556 112836 ? Sl 05:57 0:11 /usr/local/jdk/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -classpath /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/tomcat -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/tomcat -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/tomcat/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
root 1726 0.0 0.0 103344 900 pts/0 S+ 05:59 0:00 grep java
[root@localhost ~]# ps aux | grep java [color=Blue]|grep -v grep[/color]
root [color=Purple]1643[/color] 7.6 11.2 2286556 113008 ? Sl 05:57 0:11 /usr/local/jdk/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -classpath /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/tomcat -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/tomcat -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/tomcat/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# [color=Blue]echo $?[/color]
[color=Purple]0[/color]
[color=DarkOrchid]注释：返回值为0时，才代表在运行。[/color]
插入防火墙规则：
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 8080 -j ACCEPT
保存防火墙规则：
iptables-save > /etc/sysconfig/iptables
运行Tomcat后，Windows客户端远程测试：
http://服务器IP[color=DarkRed]:8080[/color]
[attach]17020[/attach]
######
修改默认首页：
[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/tomcat/conf/web.xml
[attach]17021[/attach]
备注：Tomcat默认就支持HTM、HTML网页。
######
Tomcat设置UTF8编码：
[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml
[attach]17022[/attach]
修改为：（ [color=Blue]URIEncoding="utf-8"[/color] ）
[attach]17023[/attach]
重启Tomcat：
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
######
默认站点的默认首页文件：
[root@localhost ~]# find / -name "index.jsp"
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/manager/index.jsp
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/examples/jsp/security/protected/index.jsp
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/examples/jsp/async/index.jsp
[color=Purple]/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/index.jsp[/color]
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/host-manager/index.jsp
在默认站点的根目录下创建测试页：
[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/time.jsp
写入：
<%@ page import="java.util.*"%>
<%@ page import="java.sql.*"%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>中文测试页</title>
</head>
<body>
<center>现在时间: <%=new java.util.Date()%></center>
</body>
</html>
Windows客户端远程测试：
http://192.168.168.135:8080/time.jsp
[attach]17024[/attach]
######
######
本地安装MySQL:
yum -y install mysql-server mysql mysql-devel
启动MySQL：
service mysqld start
设置数据库管理员root@localhost的初始密码：
mysqladmin -uroot password [color=Blue]888[/color]
设为开机自动开启MySQL：
chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on
本地登录MySQL：
[attach]17025[/attach]
创建测试库：
mysql> create database [color=Blue]zhuohua_db[/color] default charset utf8 collate utf8_general_ci;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
查看所有的库：
[attach]17026[/attach]
默认情况下，JSP网页是不能连接MySQL数据库的，要做以下配置：
tar -zxf mysql-connector-java-5.1.40.tar.gz
cd mysql-connector-java-5.1.40
cp mysql-connector-java-5.1.40-bin.jar /usr/local/tomcat/lib/
笺注：mysql-connector-java-5.1.40-bin.jar 还可以连接MySQL5.5、MySQL5.6、MySQL5.7
重启Tomcat：
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
连接本地MySQL的测试代码：
[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/mm.jsp
写入：
<pre class="html" name="code"><%@ page import="java.io.*"%>
<%@ page import="java.util.*"%>
<%@ page import="java.sql.*"%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>本地MySQL连接测试</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
Connection con = null;
Statement stmt = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
try{
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
String dbUrl = "jdbc:mysql://[color=DarkRed]localhost[/color]:3306/[color=Blue]zhuohua_db[/color]?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8";
String dbUser = "[color=Blue]root[/color]";
String dbPwd = "[color=Blue]888[/color]";
con = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUrl,dbUser,dbPwd);
out.print("数据库MySQL连接正常");
}catch(Exception ex)
{
out.print("数据库MySQL连接失败<br>"+ex.toString());
}
%>
</body>
</html>
</pre>
Windows客户端远程测试：
http://192.168.168.135:8080/mm.jsp
[attach]17027[/attach]
############
Tomcat的日志文件：
cd /usr/local/tomcat/logs/
[attach]17028[/attach]
tail -5 [color=Blue]localhost_access_log.[/color]2019-08-12.txt
[attach]17029[/attach]
############
############
连接远程MySQL的测试代码：
[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/my.jsp
写入：
<pre class="html" name="code"><%@ page import="java.io.*"%>
<%@ page import="java.util.*"%>
<%@ page import="java.sql.*"%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>远程MySQL连接测试</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
Connection con = null;
Statement stmt = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
try{
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
String dbUrl = "jdbc:mysql://[color=DarkRed]192.168.168.130[/color]:3306/[color=Blue]data1_db[/color]?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8";
String dbUser = "[color=Blue]zhuohua[/color]";
String dbPwd = "[color=Blue]168[/color]";
con = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUrl,dbUser,dbPwd);
out.print("数据库MySQL连接正常");
}catch(Exception ex)
{
out.print("数据库MySQL连接失败<br>"+ex.toString());
}
%>
</body>
</html>
</pre>
############
远程数据库服务器（192.168.168.130）创建测试库、用户：（MySQL5.5、MySQL5.6）
mysql> create database [color=Blue]data1_db[/color] default charset utf8 collate utf8_unicode_ci;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.51 sec)
mysql> grant all on [color=Blue]data1_db[/color].* to zhuohua@'%' identified by '168';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.40 sec)
远程数据库服务器，插入防火墙规则：
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
保存防火墙规则：
iptables-save > /etc/sysconfig/iptables
Windows客户端远程测试：
http://192.168.168.135:8080/my.jsp
[attach]17030[/attach]
############
############
Linux下，Tomcat8.5.x的内存优化：
[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh
插入：
JAVA_OPTS='-Xms512m -Xmx512m'
[attach]17031[/attach]
注释：
[color=Blue]-Xms[/color] JVM初始分配的堆内存（单位MB）；
[color=Blue]-Xmx[/color] JVM最大允许分配的堆内存（单位MB），假如服务器的内存使用率比较小，这里的值可以调大一些；
建议Xms和Xmx的值设置为一样，可以加快内存回收速度；
重启Tomcat：
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
查看Xms和Xmx的值是否修改成功：
[root@locahost ~]# ps -ef | grep [color=Blue]java[/color] |grep -v grep
root 2928 1 26 05:01 pts/0 00:00:02 /usr/local/jdk/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager [color=DarkRed]-Xms512m -Xmx512m[/color] -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -classpath /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/tomcat -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/tomcat -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/tomcat/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
############
Linux下，Tomcat8.5.x的连接数优化：
[root@localhost ~]# vi /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml
[attach]17564[/attach]
修改为：
<Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-"
maxThreads="[color=Blue]1920[/color]" minSpareThreads="[color=Blue]150[/color]"/>
如下图：（要去掉注释符）
[attach]17565[/attach]
注释：
[color=Blue]maxThreads [/color] Tomcat最大线程数，即可以同时处理的最大任务数；
[color=Blue]minSpareThreads[/color] Tomcat初始化时创建的线程数；
假如服务器的CPU使用率、内存使用率比较小，要加大并发连接数时，可以适当调大maxThreads、minSpareThreads的值。
重启Tomcat：
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
############
############
以防关闭系统时卡死，最好先杀死java进程，再关闭、重启服务器：
[root@localhost ~]# ps -ef | grep [color=Blue]java[/color] |grep -v grep > /dev/null && echo 'yes'
[color=Purple]yes[/color]
其实关闭Tomcat也可以杀死java进程：
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
[root@localhost ~]# ps -ef | grep java |grep -v grep > /dev/null && echo 'yes'
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@locahost ~]# echo $?
[color=Purple]1[/color]
[color=DarkOrchid]注释：返回值为0时，才代表在运行。[/color]
重启服务器：
[root@localhost ~]# which init
[color=Purple]/sbin/init[/color]
[root@localhost ~]# [color=Blue]init 6[/color]
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