标题:
CentOS6_网络基础
[打印本页]
作者:
admin
时间:
2019-12-27 19:43
标题:
CentOS6_网络基础
ifconfig 命令——查看所有网卡接口的IP地址等等 [root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
eth0
Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr
00:0C:29:2B:17:3A
inet addr:
192.168.168.130
Bcast:
192.168.168.255
Mask:
255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe2b:173a/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:180 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:97 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:21063 (20.5 KiB) TX bytes:12127 (11.8 KiB) lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) 注释: eth0:第一块网卡的名称。如果有多块物理网卡,则第二块网卡表示为“eth1”,第三块网卡表示为“eth2”,以此类推。 lo:“回环”网络接口,并不代表真正的网络接口,而是一个虚拟的网络接口,其IP地址默认是“127.0.0.1”。回环地址通常仅用于对本机的网络测试。 HWaddr:表示网卡的物理地址(MAC地址)。 Bcast:表示网络接口所在网络的广播地址。 Mask: 表示掩码。 ip addr 命令——查看所有网卡接口的IP地址等等 [root@localhost ~]# ip addr 1: lo:
mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2:
eth0
:
mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:2b:17:3a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet
192.168.168.130/24
brd 192.168.168.255 scope global eth0 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe2b:173a/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 查看网卡eth0的配置文件: [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE=eth0 TYPE=Ethernet UUID=1d6644ba-ea2f-47e9-af17-0119ea72d20b ONBOOT=yes NM_CONTROLLED=yes BOOTPROTO=dhcp
#使用DHCP分配的IP地址
HWADDR=00:0C:29:2B:17:3A DEFROUTE=yes PEERDNS=yes PEERROUTES=yes IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes IPV6INIT=no NAME="System eth0" 在网卡eth0的配置文件中使用固定的IP地址、DNS地址等等: [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE=eth0 TYPE=Ethernet UUID=1d6644ba-ea2f-47e9-af17-0119ea72d20b ONBOOT=yes NM_CONTROLLED=yes BOOTPROTO=static
#设置网络接口的配置方式,值为“none”、“static”时,表示使用静态IP地址
HWADDR=00:0C:29:2B:17:3A IPADDR=192.168.168.130
#IP地址
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
#掩码
GATEWAY=192.168.168.2
#网关
DNS1=8.8.8.8
#本机使用的第一个DNS服务器地址
DNS2=114.114.114.114
#本机使用的第二个DNS服务器地址
DEFROUTE=yes PEERDNS=yes PEERROUTES=yes IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes IPV6INIT=no NAME="System eth0" 重启network服务后,可使所有网卡的更改生效:(会重新加载所有网卡) [root@localhost ~]# service network restart 查看某张网卡: [root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
eth0
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:2B:17:3A inet addr:192.168.168.130 Bcast:192.168.168.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe2b:173a/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:635 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:460 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:65776 (64.2 KiB) TX bytes:55667 (54.3 KiB) 显示网卡的网关: [root@localhost ~]# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.168.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1002 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0
192.168.168.2
0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 查看本机所使用的DNS服务器地址: [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/resolv.conf ; generated by /sbin/dhclient-script search localdomain
nameserver 8.8.8.8 nameserver 114.114.114.114
注释:一般在网卡的配置文件上配置DNS地址。 ###### 为网卡eth0添加附加IP:(重启主机后依旧生效) [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
ifcfg-eth0:0
写入: DEVICE=
eth0:0
ONBOOT=yes BOOTPROTO=static IPADDR=
192.168.168.131
NETMASK=255.255.255.0 [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
ifcfg-eth0:1
写入: DEVICE=
eth0:1
ONBOOT=yes BOOTPROTO=static IPADDR=
192.168.168.135
NETMASK=255.255.255.0 备注: 这是创建单个IP地址,文件需要手动去创建; 重新加载网卡
eth0
[root@localhost ~]# ifdown eth0;ifup eth0 注释:可使网卡eth0的更改生效。 效果: [root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
eth0
Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:2B:17:3A inet addr:
192.168.168.130
Bcast:192.168.168.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe2b:173a/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:761 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:555 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:77446 (75.6 KiB) TX bytes:67169 (65.5 KiB)
eth0:0
Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:2B:17:3A inet addr:
192.168.168.131
Bcast:192.168.168.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
eth0:1
Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:2B:17:3A inet addr:
192.168.168.135
Bcast:192.168.168.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) 注释:一张网卡可以有多个IP地址。 一张网卡只有一个网关: [root@localhost ~]# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.168.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1002 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0
192.168.168.2
0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 使用附加IP地址也可以登录服务器:
下载
(73.05 KB)
2020-10-11 21:05
使用附加IP地址也可以解析域名:
下载
(69.49 KB)
2020-10-11 21:05
### 为网卡eth0添加连续范围的附加IP:(重启服务器后也生效) [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
ifcfg-eth0-range1
写入: DEVICE=eth0 ONBOOT=yes BOOTPROTO=static IPADDR_START=
192.168.168.131
IPADDR_END=
192.168.168.135
CLONENUM_START=0 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 备注: 这文件需要手动去创建; 前面创建的附加IP地址文件记得先删除; 重启network服务后,可使所有网卡的更改生效:(会重新加载所有网卡) [root@localhost ~]# service network restart 效果: [root@localhost ~]# ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:2B:17:3A inet addr:192.168.168.130 Bcast:192.168.168.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe2b:173a/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:1165 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:890 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:114967 (112.2 KiB) TX bytes:108294 (105.7 KiB) eth0:0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:2B:17:3A inet addr:192.168.168.131 Bcast:192.168.168.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 eth0:1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:2B:17:3A inet addr:192.168.168.132 Bcast:192.168.168.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 eth0:2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:2B:17:3A inet addr:192.168.168.133 Bcast:192.168.168.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 eth0:3 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:2B:17:3A inet addr:192.168.168.134 Bcast:192.168.168.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 eth0:4 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:2B:17:3A inet addr:192.168.168.135 Bcast:192.168.168.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) ######################## ######################## 备注:阿里云的服务器公网IP、内网IP都是自动分配的,在服务器里只能看见内网IP,但直接访问、使用公网IP即可。
下载
(99.06 KB)
2020-8-20 13:09
下载
(28.39 KB)
2020-8-20 13:10
相关文章:
CentOS6_网络基础(网卡bonding的配置)
CentOS6_配置双网卡
最小化安装CentOS6
Linux常用命令(一)
CentOS8_网络基础
图片附件:
图片1.png
(2020-8-20 13:09, 99.06 KB) / 下载次数 196
http://blog.zhuohua.store/attachment.php?aid=10566&k=cdaa4b7439694bcb010b6577a9fe59c8&t=1714664924&sid=rPRJJZ
图片附件:
图片2.png
(2020-8-20 13:10, 28.39 KB) / 下载次数 190
http://blog.zhuohua.store/attachment.php?aid=10567&k=804b82c42ffecea3571dbea919edfc2d&t=1714664924&sid=rPRJJZ
图片附件:
图片1.png
(2020-10-11 21:05, 73.05 KB) / 下载次数 200
http://blog.zhuohua.store/attachment.php?aid=11830&k=f6e4dd139edfa436e12cea7c333a783a&t=1714664924&sid=rPRJJZ
图片附件:
图片2.png
(2020-10-11 21:05, 69.49 KB) / 下载次数 212
http://blog.zhuohua.store/attachment.php?aid=11831&k=5d588e89cb5be3515270ba7f0c631a78&t=1714664924&sid=rPRJJZ
欢迎光临 blog.zhuohua.store (http://blog.zhuohua.store/)
Powered by Discuz! 7.2