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标题: CentOS8_在Docker中安装LNMP [打印本页]

作者: admin 时间: 2023-3-5 15:27 标题: CentOS8_在Docker中安装LNMP

笺注：Docker的安装可参考 CentOS8_在Docker中使用Nginx的反向代理查看Docker的版本信息： [root@centos8 ~]# docker -v Docker version 20.10.21, build baeda1f [root@centos8 ~]# 已经设置开机自动启动Docker： [root@centos8 ~]# systemctl is-enabled docker enabled [root@centos8 ~]# Docker多容器+LNMP的架构图：

[root@centos8 ~]# yum -y install net-tools [root@centos8 ~]# ifconfig docker0: flags=4099 mtu 1500 inet 172.17.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.17.255.255 ether 02:42:3c:09:e1:bc txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 ens160: flags=4163 mtu 1500 inet 192.168.168.154 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.168.255 inet6 fe80::92ab:5fb4:5373:ad53 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20 ether 00:0c:29:0e:fa:49 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 33078 bytes 46961858 (44.7 MiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 10022 bytes 650627 (635.3 KiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 lo: flags=73 mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10 loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 [root@centos8 ~]# 给Docker创建自定义虚拟网卡，并且指定网段： [root@centos8 ~]# docker network create --subnet=192.168.80.0/24 zhuohua_docker d69d5bb05e6f084e63b5b405478f18672bd8260fa9e8509cfe084fe7ad72db24 [root@centos8 ~]# 备注：给Docker创建自定义虚拟网卡后，容器才能使用固定IP地址；查看Docker所有的虚拟网卡： [root@centos8 ~]# docker network ls NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE 1547258ea97b bridge bridge local ecf4d5fc9a71 host host local f3a83278f2d8 none null local d69d5bb05e6f zhuohua_docker bridge local [root@centos8 ~]# 备注：网卡ID“d69d5bb05e6f”是自动生成的；网卡名“zhuohua_docker”是自定义的； [root@centos8 ~]# ifconfig br-d69d5bb05e6f: flags=4099 mtu 1500 inet 192.168.80.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.80.255 ether 02:42:e7:a8:8f:73 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 docker0: flags=4099 mtu 1500 inet 172.17.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.17.255.255 ether 02:42:3c:09:e1:bc txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 ens160: flags=4163 mtu 1500 inet 192.168.168.154 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.168.255 inet6 fe80::92ab:5fb4:5373:ad53 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20 ether 00:0c:29:0e:fa:49 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 33196 bytes 46970314 (44.7 MiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 10057 bytes 655517 (640.1 KiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 lo: flags=73 mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10 loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 [root@centos8 ~]# ###### 从公网下载镜像：（以下是下载MariaDB10.3的镜像） [root@centos8 ~]# docker pull mariadb:10.3 查看宿主机的所有镜像： [root@centos8 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE mariadb 10.3 2c702dbbd1f8 3 weeks ago 369MB [root@centos8 ~]# 使用镜像“mariadb:10.3”创建并启动容器“MariaDB_1”： [root@centos8 ~]# docker run -itd --name MariaDB_1 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=P@ssw0rd --net zhuohua_docker --ip 192.168.80.2 mariadb:10.3 95f4fedeeeab65fc0703ef177d6eb4d7d7dfe3495d50c0344155ac4f1ede288f [root@centos8 ~]# 注释： -itd : 以交互模式情况下后台运行。 --name : 指定容器名称。 -e 环境配置 : 指定数据库管理员root@localhost的密码为P@ssw0rd --net zhuohua_docker --ip : 指定容器的固定IP地址（使用虚拟网卡“zhuohua_docker”）。 mariadb:10.3 : 镜像名称:版本号在宿主机查看正在运行的容器： [root@centos8 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 95f4fedeeeab mariadb:10.3 "docker-entrypoint.s…" About a minute ago Up About a minute 3306/tcp MariaDB_1 [root@centos8 ~]# 注释：容器“MariaDB_1”打开了TCP 3306端口。 ### 进入容器“MariaDB_1”： [root@centos8 ~]# docker exec -it MariaDB_1 /bin/bash root@95f4fedeeeab:/# 查看容器“MariaDB_1”的系统版本信息： root@95f4fedeeeab:/# cat /etc/issue Ubuntu 20.04.5 LTS \n \l root@95f4fedeeeab:/# uname -r 4.18.0-193.el8.x86_64 root@95f4fedeeeab:/# 查看容器“MariaDB_1”的IP地址： root@95f4fedeeeab:/# ifconfig bash: ifconfig: command not found root@95f4fedeeeab:/# root@95f4fedeeeab:/# apt-get update root@95f4fedeeeab:/# apt-get -y install net-tools root@95f4fedeeeab:/# ifconfig eth0: flags=4163 mtu 1500 inet 192.168.80.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.80.255 ether 02:42:c0:a8:50:02 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet) RX packets 11301 bytes 29765241 (29.7 MB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 7182 bytes 394856 (394.8 KB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 lo: flags=73 mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback) RX packets 10 bytes 822 (822.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 10 bytes 822 (822.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 root@95f4fedeeeab:/# 备注：宿主机或容器重启后，IP地址都是不变的；查看MariaDB的版本信息： root@95f4fedeeeab:/# mysql -V mysql Ver 15.1 Distrib 10.3.38-MariaDB, for debian-linux-gnu (x86_64) using readline 5.2 root@95f4fedeeeab:/# MariaDB的主配置文件：（以下是初始状态） root@95f4fedeeeab:/# find / -name my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf find: ‘/proc/1/map_files’: Permission denied root@95f4fedeeeab:/# root@95f4fedeeeab:/# cat /etc/mysql/my.cnf |grep -v '^#' |grep -v '^$' [client] port = 3306 socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock [mysqld_safe] socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock nice = 0 [mysqld] pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock port = 3306 basedir = /usr datadir = /var/lib/mysql tmpdir = /tmp lc_messages_dir = /usr/share/mysql lc_messages = en_US skip-external-locking max_connections = 100 connect_timeout = 5 wait_timeout = 600 max_allowed_packet = 16M thread_cache_size = 128 sort_buffer_size = 4M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 16M tmp_table_size = 32M max_heap_table_size = 32M myisam_recover_options = BACKUP key_buffer_size = 128M table_open_cache = 400 myisam_sort_buffer_size = 512M concurrent_insert = 2 read_buffer_size = 2M read_rnd_buffer_size = 1M query_cache_limit = 128K query_cache_size = 64M slow_query_log_file = /var/log/mysql/mariadb-slow.log long_query_time = 10 expire_logs_days = 10 max_binlog_size = 100M default_storage_engine = InnoDB innodb_buffer_pool_size = 256M innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M innodb_file_per_table = 1 innodb_open_files = 400 innodb_io_capacity = 400 innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT [galera] [mysqldump] quick quote-names max_allowed_packet = 16M [mysql] [isamchk] key_buffer = 16M !include /etc/mysql/mariadb.cnf !includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/ root@95f4fedeeeab:/# 本地登录MariaDB数据库：（使用的是数据库管理员root@localhost，密码P@ssw0rd） root@95f4fedeeeab:/# mysql -uroot -p"P@ssw0rd" Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 8 Server version: 10.3.38-MariaDB-1:10.3.38+maria~ubu2004 mariadb.org binary distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> 查看数据库里有哪些库：（以下3个库是默认就有的） MariaDB [(none)]> Show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | +--------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.000 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> 查看所有数据库用户及其主机信息：（以下是初始状态） MariaDB [(none)]> Select user,host from mysql.user; +------+-----------+ | user | host | +------+-----------+ | root | % | | root | localhost | +------+-----------+ 2 rows in set (0.000 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> 创建一个数据库用户并授权：授权数据库用户zhuohua@'192.168.80.3'（密码168），仅仅在使用IP地址192.168.80.3时可以进行访问，对所有的库有完全控制的权限： MariaDB [(none)]> Grant all on *.* to zhuohua@'192.168.80.3' identified by '168'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.002 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> MariaDB [(none)]> Select user,host from mysql.user; +---------+--------------+ | user | host | +---------+--------------+ | root | % | | zhuohua | 192.168.80.3 | | root | localhost | +---------+--------------+ 3 rows in set (0.001 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> 查看数据库用户zhuohua@'192.168.80.3'的权限： MariaDB [(none)]> Show grants for zhuohua@'192.168.80.3'; +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Grants for zhuohua@192.168.80.3 | +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO `zhuohua`@`192.168.80.3` IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*242E46A1E8D30FE06F7CE37B55BFC25BA981D70C' | +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.000 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> ###### 从公网下载镜像：（以下是下载PHP7.2的镜像） [root@centos8 ~]# docker pull php:7.2-fpm 查看宿主机的所有镜像： [root@centos8 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE mariadb 10.3 2c702dbbd1f8 3 weeks ago 369MB php 7.2-fpm 28f52b60203d 2 years ago 398MB [root@centos8 ~]# 使用镜像“php:7.2-fpm”创建并启动容器“PHP_1”： [root@centos8 ~]# docker run -itd --name PHP_1 -v /opt/share:/var/www/html --net zhuohua_docker --ip 192.168.80.3 php:7.2-fpm 91a2bf7af44be75d12b9790a17e961f25f64731d860f3bf7ce4c2535731845d5 [root@centos8 ~]# 注释： -itd : 以交互模式情况下后台运行。 --name : 指定容器名称。 -v 挂载目录 : 这里是把宿主机的目录/opt/share挂载到容器的目录/var/www/html；假如目录不存在，就会自动创建。 --net zhuohua_docker --ip : 指定容器的固定IP地址（使用虚拟网卡“zhuohua_docker”）。 php:7.2-fpm : 镜像名称:版本号在宿主机查看正在运行的容器： [root@centos8 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 91a2bf7af44b php:7.2-fpm "docker-php-entrypoi…" 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 9000/tcp PHP_1 95f4fedeeeab mariadb:10.3 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 19 minutes ago Up 19 minutes 3306/tcp MariaDB_1 [root@centos8 ~]# 注释：容器“PHP_1”打开了TCP 9000端口。 ### 进入容器“PHP_1”： [root@centos8 ~]# docker exec -it PHP_1 /bin/bash root@91a2bf7af44b:/var/www/html# root@91a2bf7af44b:/var/www/html# pwd /var/www/html root@91a2bf7af44b:/var/www/html# ls root@91a2bf7af44b:/var/www/html# 查看容器“PHP_1”的系统版本信息： root@91a2bf7af44b:~# cat /etc/issue Debian GNU/Linux 10 \n \l root@91a2bf7af44b:~# more /etc/debian_version 10.7 root@91a2bf7af44b:~# uname -r 4.18.0-193.el8.x86_64 root@91a2bf7af44b:~# 查看容器“PHP_1”的IP地址： root@91a2bf7af44b:~# ifconfig bash: ifconfig: command not found root@91a2bf7af44b:~# root@91a2bf7af44b:~# apt-get update root@91a2bf7af44b:~# apt-get -y install net-tools root@91a2bf7af44b:~# ifconfig eth0: flags=4163 mtu 1500 inet 192.168.80.3 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.80.255 ether 02:42:c0:a8:50:03 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet) RX packets 4359 bytes 9085430 (8.6 MiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 2832 bytes 154393 (150.7 KiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 lo: flags=73 mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback) RX packets 6 bytes 526 (526.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 6 bytes 526 (526.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 root@91a2bf7af44b:~# 备注：宿主机或容器重启后，IP地址都是不变的；查看PHP的版本信息： root@91a2bf7af44b:~# php -v PHP 7.2.34 (cli) (built: Dec 11 2020 10:56:30) ( NTS ) Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group Zend Engine v3.2.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies root@91a2bf7af44b:~# ###### 从公网下载镜像：（以下是下载Nginx/1.14.2的镜像） [root@centos8 ~]# docker pull nginx:1.14.2 查看宿主机的所有镜像： [root@centos8 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE mariadb 10.3 2c702dbbd1f8 3 weeks ago 369MB php 7.2-fpm 28f52b60203d 2 years ago 398MB nginx 1.14.2 295c7be07902 3 years ago 109MB [root@centos8 ~]# 使用镜像“nginx:1.14.2”创建并启动容器“Nginx_1”： [root@centos8 ~]# docker run -itd --name Nginx_1 -p 80:80 -v /opt/share:/usr/share/nginx/html --net zhuohua_docker --ip 192.168.80.4 nginx:1.14.2 a4d0039eb9d39498745c53fe40a7136a599f44934499060a7c6fd330752097bf [root@centos8 ~]# 注释： -itd : 以交互模式情况下后台运行。 --name : 指定容器名称。 -p 端口映射 : 第一个80是宿主机的端口，暴露给外部直接访问；第二个80是容器的端口。 --net zhuohua_docker --ip : 指定容器的固定IP地址（使用虚拟网卡“zhuohua_docker”）。 nginx:1.14.2 : 镜像名称:版本号在宿主机查看所有的容器：（无论是否正在运行） [root@centos8 ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES a4d0039eb9d3 nginx:1.14.2 "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp Nginx_1 91a2bf7af44b php:7.2-fpm "docker-php-entrypoi…" 25 minutes ago Up 25 minutes 9000/tcp PHP_1 95f4fedeeeab mariadb:10.3 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 41 minutes ago Up 41 minutes 3306/tcp MariaDB_1 [root@centos8 share]# 注释：宿主机的TCP 80端口，映射到容器“Nginx_1”的TCP 80端口。 ### 进入容器“Nginx_1”： [root@centos8 ~]# docker exec -it Nginx_1 /bin/bash root@a4d0039eb9d3:/# 查看容器“Nginx_1”的系统版本信息： root@a4d0039eb9d3:/# cat /etc/issue Debian GNU/Linux 9 \n \l root@a4d0039eb9d3:/# more /etc/debian_version 9.8 root@a4d0039eb9d3:/# uname -r 4.18.0-193.el8.x86_64 root@a4d0039eb9d3:/# 查看容器“Nginx_1”的IP地址： root@a4d0039eb9d3:/# ifconfig bash: ifconfig: command not found root@a4d0039eb9d3:/# root@a4d0039eb9d3:/# apt-get update root@a4d0039eb9d3:/# apt-get -y install net-tools root@a4d0039eb9d3:/# ifconfig eth0: flags=4163 mtu 1500 inet 192.168.80.4 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.80.255 ether 02:42:c0:a8:50:04 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet) RX packets 4247 bytes 8645308 (8.2 MiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 3362 bytes 185793 (181.4 KiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 lo: flags=73 mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback) RX packets 14 bytes 1230 (1.2 KiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 14 bytes 1230 (1.2 KiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 root@a4d0039eb9d3:/# 备注：宿主机或容器重启后，IP地址都是不变的； ### 查看容器“Nginx_1”的Nginx版本： root@a4d0039eb9d3:/# nginx -v nginx version: nginx/1.14.2 root@a4d0039eb9d3:/# root@a4d0039eb9d3:/# nginx -V nginx version: nginx/1.14.2 built by gcc 6.3.0 20170516 (Debian 6.3.0-18+deb9u1) built with OpenSSL 1.1.0f 25 May 2017 (running with OpenSSL 1.1.0j 20 Nov 2018) TLS SNI support enabled configure arguments: --prefix=/etc/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --modules-path=/usr/lib/nginx/modules --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-compat --with-file-aio --with-threads --with-http_addition_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_slice_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_v2_module --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with-stream --with-stream_realip_module --with-stream_ssl_module --with-stream_ssl_preread_module --with-cc-opt='-g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/data/builder/debuild/nginx-1.14.2/debian/debuild-base/nginx-1.14.2=. -specs=/usr/share/dpkg/no-pie-compile.specs -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC' --with-ld-opt='-specs=/usr/share/dpkg/no-pie-link.specs -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now -Wl,--as-needed -pie' root@a4d0039eb9d3:/# 查看容器“Nginx_1”的Nginx的主配置文件： root@a4d0039eb9d3:/# cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf |grep -v "^#" |grep -v "^$" user nginx; worker_processes 1; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 65; #gzip on; include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; } root@a4d0039eb9d3:/# 查看Nginx的默认站点的默认首页文件： root@a4d0039eb9d3:/# ls /etc/nginx/conf.d default.conf root@a4d0039eb9d3:/# root@a4d0039eb9d3:/# cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf |grep -v '^$' server { listen 80; server_name localhost; #charset koi8-r; #access_log /var/log/nginx/host.access.log main; location / { root /usr/share/nginx/html; index index.html index.htm; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root /usr/share/nginx/html; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # #location ~ \.php$ { # root html; # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # fastcgi_index index.php; # fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; # include fastcgi_params; #} # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /\.ht { # deny all; #} } root@a4d0039eb9d3:/# ### 在宿主机上创建容器“Nginx_1”的Nginx的默认站点的默认首页文件： [root@centos8 ~]# cd /opt/share/ [root@centos8 share]# echo 'Welcome to zhuohua.' > index.html [root@centos8 share]# 创建容器“Nginx_1”与容器“PHP_1”的PHP测试页： [root@centos8 share]# cat test.php [root@centos8 share]# 创建容器“PHP_1”与容器“MariaDB_1”的数据库连接测试页：（PHP7.x的语法） [root@centos8 share]# cat mysql.php 192.168.80.2','zhuohua','168') OR die('远程MariaDB连接失败。'); echo '远程MariaDB连接正常。'; ?> [root@centos8 share]# ### 在容器“Nginx_1”上查看Nginx的默认站点里的文件： root@a4d0039eb9d3:~# cd /usr/share/nginx/html root@a4d0039eb9d3:/usr/share/nginx/html# ls index.html mysql.php test.php root@a4d0039eb9d3:/usr/share/nginx/html# ### 在容器“PHP_1”上查看目录/var/www/html里的文件： root@91a2bf7af44b:/var/www/html# ls index.html mysql.php test.php root@91a2bf7af44b:/var/www/html# 注释：因为在创建容器“Nginx_1”的时候，把宿主机的目录/opt/share挂载到容器的目录/usr/share/nginx/html；因为在创建容器“PHP_1”的时候，把宿主机的目录/opt/share挂载到容器的目录/var/www/html；所以这三个目录里的数据是共享的。 ### 在宿主机的防火墙firewalld打开TCP 80端口： firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent firewall-cmd --reload 查看防火墙所有打开的端口： [root@centos8 ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports 80/tcp [root@centos8 ~]# ### 在客户端访问容器“Nginx_1”的Nginx的默认站点的默认首页文件： http://192.168.168.154/ 图片2.png

在客户端访问容器“Nginx_1”的Nginx的默认站点里的PHP测试页： http://192.168.168.154/test.php 图片3.png

笺注：这是因为容器“Nginx_1”的Nginx本身无法解析PHP文件。解决方法：（在宿主机上修改容器“Nginx_1”的Nginx的主配置文件） [root@centos8 ~]# docker cp Nginx_1:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf /root [root@centos8 ~]# vi nginx.conf 插入以下代码： server { listen 80; server_name localhost; location / { root /usr/share/nginx/html; index index.html index.htm index.php; } # #当请求容器“Nginx_1”默认站点下PHP文件的时候，反向代理到容器“PHP_1”的php-fpm location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_pass 192.168.80.3:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/html/$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } } 在宿主机上，往容器“Nginx_01”上传修改好的文件： [root@centos8 ~]# docker cp /root/nginx.conf Nginx_1:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf [root@centos8 ~]# 再次，查看容器“Nginx_1”的Nginx的主配置文件： root@a4d0039eb9d3:/# cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf |grep -v "^#" |grep -v "^$" user nginx; worker_processes 1; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; server { listen 80; server_name localhost; location / { root /usr/share/nginx/html; index index.html index.htm index.php; } location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_pass 192.168.80.3:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/html/$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } } access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 65; #gzip on; include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; } root@a4d0039eb9d3:/# 在宿主机重启容器“Nginx_1”： [root@centos8 ~]# docker restart Nginx_1 Nginx_1 [root@centos8 ~]# 再次，在客户端访问容器“Nginx_1”的Nginx的默认站点里的PHP测试页：图片4.png

### 在客户端通过容器“Nginx_1”的反向代理，从而访问容器“PHP_1”与容器“MariaDB_1”的数据库连接测试页： http://192.168.168.154/mysql.php 图片5.png

错误： Fatal error: Uncaught Error: Call to undefined function mysqli_connect() in /var/www/html/mysql.php:3 Stack trace: #0 {main} thrown in /var/www/html/mysql.php on line 3 这是因为容器“PHP_1”的PHP没有安装相关的MySQL扩展。进入容器“PHP_1”安装相关的MySQL扩展： root@91a2bf7af44b:~# docker-php-ext-install pdo_mysql root@91a2bf7af44b:~# docker-php-ext-install mysql root@91a2bf7af44b:~# docker-php-ext-install mysqli root@91a2bf7af44b:~# docker-php-ext-install pdo 在宿主机重启容器“PHP_1”： [root@centos8 ~]# docker restart PHP_1 PHP_1 [root@centos8 ~]# 再次，在客户端通过容器“Nginx_1”的反向代理，从而访问容器“PHP_1”与容器“MariaDB_1”的数据库连接测试页：图片6.png

###### 宿主机重启后，其实不用考虑容器的启动顺序；但也可以让三个容器都随宿主机的启动而启动： [root@centos8 ~]# docker update --restart=always Nginx_1 Nginx_1 [root@centos8 ~]# [root@centos8 ~]# docker update --restart=always PHP_1 PHP_1 [root@centos8 ~]# [root@centos8 ~]# docker update --restart=always MariaDB_1 MariaDB_1 [root@centos8 ~]# 相关文章： CentOS8_在Docker中安装LNMP(使用参数--link) CentOS8_在Docker中安装MariaDB

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