CentOS6_网络基础（网卡bonding的配置）
先查看主机有哪些物理网卡可用：
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig -a
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:2B:17:3A
inet addr:192.168.168.130 Bcast:192.168.168.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe2b:173a/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:46 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:46 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:5669 (5.5 KiB) TX bytes:6647 (6.4 KiB)
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:2B:17:44
BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
生产环境中，主机如果有两张网卡，网卡bonding的配置，一般建议采用主备模式（mode=1）
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-bond0
DEVICE=bond0
TYPE=Bond
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.168.130
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.168.2
DNS1=8.8.8.8
DNS2=114.114.114.114
USERCTL=no
BONDING_OPTS="mode=1 miimon=100 fail_over_mac=1"
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
ONBOOT=yes
SLAVE=yes
USERCTL=no
BOOTPROTO=static
MASTER=bond0
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
DEVICE=eth1
ONBOOT=yes
SLAVE=yes
USERCTL=no
BOOTPROTO=static
MASTER=bond0
重启网络服务：
service network restart
网卡bonding的配置成功：
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
bond0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:2B:17:3A
inet addr:192.168.168.130 Bcast:192.168.168.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe2b:173a/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MASTER MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:25 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:24 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:1804 (1.7 KiB) TX bytes:2680 (2.6 KiB)
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:2B:17:3A
UP BROADCAST RUNNING SLAVE MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:163 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:133 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:16186 (15.8 KiB) TX bytes:19103 (18.6 KiB)
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:2B:17:44
UP BROADCAST RUNNING SLAVE MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:480 (480.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
笺注：服务器重启后，依旧生效的。
查看bond0接口的状态:
[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/net/bonding/bond0
Ethernet Channel Bonding Driver: v3.7.1 (April 27, 2011)
Bonding Mode: fault-tolerance (active-backup) (fail_over_mac active)
Primary Slave: None
Currently Active Slave: eth0 #可以看到网卡eth0处于活跃状态
MII Status: up
MII Polling Interval (ms): 100
Up Delay (ms): 0
Down Delay (ms): 0
Slave Interface: eth0
MII Status: up
Speed: 1000 Mbps
Duplex: full
Link Failure Count: 0
Permanent HW addr: 00:0c:29:2b:17:3a
Slave queue ID: 0
Slave Interface: eth1
MII Status: up
Speed: 1000 Mbps
Duplex: full
Link Failure Count: 0
Permanent HW addr: 00:0c:29:2b:17:44
Slave queue ID: 0
查看网卡eth0的配置：
[root@localhost ~]# ethtool eth0
Settings for eth0:
Supported ports: [ TP ]
Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
1000baseT/Full
Supported pause frame use: No
Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
Advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
1000baseT/Full
Advertised pause frame use: No
Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes
Speed: 1000Mb/s
Duplex: Full
Port: Twisted Pair
PHYAD: 0
Transceiver: internal
Auto-negotiation: on
MDI-X: off (auto)
Supports Wake-on: d
Wake-on: d
Current message level: 0x00000007 (7)
drv probe link
Link detected: yes #网卡开启时的值
###
查看网卡eth1的配置：
[root@localhost ~]# ethtool eth1
Settings for eth1:
Supported ports: [ TP ]
Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
1000baseT/Full
Supported pause frame use: No
Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
Advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
1000baseT/Full
Advertised pause frame use: No
Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes
Speed: 1000Mb/s
Duplex: Full
Port: Twisted Pair
PHYAD: 0
Transceiver: internal
Auto-negotiation: on
MDI-X: off (auto)
Supports Wake-on: d
Wake-on: d
Current message level: 0x00000007 (7)
drv probe link
Link detected: yes
######
测试两张网卡的自动切换
正常的话，当网卡eth0 down了之后，当前活跃的网卡会自动变为eth1
[root@localhost ~]# ifdown eth0
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# ethtool eth0
Settings for eth0:
Supported ports: [ TP ]
Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
1000baseT/Full
Supported pause frame use: No
Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
Advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
1000baseT/Full
Advertised pause frame use: No
Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes
Speed: 1000Mb/s
Duplex: Full
Port: Twisted Pair
PHYAD: 0
Transceiver: internal
Auto-negotiation: on
MDI-X: Unknown (auto)
Supports Wake-on: d
Wake-on: d
Current message level: 0x00000007 (7)
drv probe link
Link detected: no #网卡没开启时的值
查看bond0接口的状态:
[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/net/bonding/bond0
Ethernet Channel Bonding Driver: v3.7.1 (April 27, 2011)
Bonding Mode: fault-tolerance (active-backup) (fail_over_mac active)
Primary Slave: None
Currently Active Slave: eth1 #可以看到网卡eth1处于活跃状态
MII Status: up
MII Polling Interval (ms): 100
Up Delay (ms): 0
Down Delay (ms): 0
Slave Interface: eth1
MII Status: up
Speed: 1000 Mbps
Duplex: full
Link Failure Count: 0
Permanent HW addr: 00:0c:29:2b:17:44
Slave queue ID: 0
备注：
只要还有一张网卡正常，主机的网络通讯都是正常的。
开启网卡eht0
[root@localhost ~]# ifup eth0
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/net/bonding/bond0
Ethernet Channel Bonding Driver: v3.7.1 (April 27, 2011)
Bonding Mode: fault-tolerance (active-backup) (fail_over_mac active)
Primary Slave: None
Currently Active Slave: eth1
MII Status: up
MII Polling Interval (ms): 100
Up Delay (ms): 0
Down Delay (ms): 0
Slave Interface: eth1
MII Status: up
Speed: 1000 Mbps
Duplex: full
Link Failure Count: 0
Permanent HW addr: 00:0c:29:2b:17:44
Slave queue ID: 0
Slave Interface: eth0
MII Status: up
Speed: 1000 Mbps
Duplex: full
Link Failure Count: 0
Permanent HW addr: 00:0c:29:2b:17:3a
Slave queue ID: 0
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