笺注：这是在 Oracle Linux6.9安装Cacti 的基础上进行的
Nagios相关软件的下载链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1XjVm5A5XUpqojGAXUm_uEA 提取码：a5wp
安装相关软件依赖包：
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# yum -y install unzip openssl-devel
创建Nagios的用户、组和相关目录：
adduser -s /sbin/nologin nagios
mkdir /usr/local/nagios
chown nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios/
安装Nagios：
tar -zxvf nagios-4.1.1.tar.gz
cd nagios-4.1.1
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios/ --with-gd-lib=/usr/lib --with-gd-inc=/usr/include/
make all
make install
make install-init
make install-config
make install-commandmode
make install-config
安装nagios-plugins：
tar -zxvf nagios-plugins-2.1.1.tar.gz
cd nagios-plugins-2.1.1
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios/
make
make install
启动Nagios:
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# service nagios start
Starting nagios: done.
开机自动启动Nagios:
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# chkconfig --level 35 nagios on
检测Nagios是否在运行中：
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# ps aux |grep nagios |grep -v grep
nagios 24545 0.0 0.3 20648 3072 ? Ss 06:25 0:00 /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -d /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
nagios 24547 0.0 0.0 9428 668 ? S 06:25 0:00 /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios --worker /usr/local/nagios/var/rw/nagios.qh
nagios 24548 0.0 0.2 10080 2152 ? S 06:25 0:00 /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios --worker /usr/local/nagios/var/rw/nagios.qh
nagios 24549 0.0 0.2 10080 2224 ? S 06:25 0:00 /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios --worker /usr/local/nagios/var/rw/nagios.qh
nagios 24550 0.0 0.2 10080 2124 ? S 06:25 0:00 /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios --worker /usr/local/nagios/var/rw/nagios.qh
nagios 24551 0.0 0.0 20196 448 ? S 06:25 0:00 /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -d /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# echo $?
0
安装NRPE：
tar -zxvf nrpe-3.2.1.tar.gz
cd nrpe-3.2.1
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios/
make all
make install
给NRPE创建配置文件：
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# find / -name 'nrpe.cfg'
/root/nrpe-3.2.1/sample-config/nrpe.cfg
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# cp /root/nrpe-3.2.1/sample-config/nrpe.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
启动NRPE：
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d
设置开机自动启动NRPE：
echo "/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d" >> /etc/rc.local
查看本机NRPE的版本：
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/./check_nrpe -H 127.0.0.1
NRPE v3.2.1
Web页面登录Nagios时的用户名和密码：（文件、用户名、密码都是自定义的）
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# find / -name "htpasswd"
/usr/bin/htpasswd
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# /usr/bin/htpasswd -bc /usr/local/nagios/etc/my_passwd zhuohua 888
Adding password for user zhuohua
备注：以上命令也可以用于修改用户名、密码。
查看密码文件的内容：
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# cat /usr/local/nagios/etc/my_passwd
zhuohua:6GsriaRE6Hsks
注释：密码是经过加密的。
修改Apache的主配置文件：
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# find / -name "httpd.conf"
/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
/root/nagios-4.1.1/sample-config/httpd.conf
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
在文件的最后追加Nagios的代码：
ScriptAlias /nagios/cgi-bin /usr/local/nagios/sbin
<Directory "/usr/local/nagios/sbin">
Options ExecCGI
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
AuthName "Nagios Access"
AuthType Basic
AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/my_passwd
Require valid-user
</Directory>
Alias /nagios /usr/local/nagios/share
<Directory "/usr/local/nagios/share">
Options None
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
AuthName "Nagios Access"
AuthType Basic
AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/my_passwd
Require valid-user
</Directory>
备注：
Nagios的应用程序文件的存放目录 /usr/local/nagios/share
重启Apache:
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# service httpd restart
停止 httpd：[确定]
正在启动 httpd：[确定]
网页登录Nagios：
http://192.168.168.135/nagios/
Nagios的主界面：
查看主机：
报错信息：
It appears as though you do not have permission to view information for any of the hosts you requested...
If you believe this is an error, check the HTTP server authentication requirements for accessing this CGI
and check the authorization options in your CGI configuration file.
解决方法：
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# sed -i 's/use_authentication=1/use_authentication=0/g' /usr/local/nagios/etc/cgi.cfg
接着刷新网页即可。
默认就监控本机（localhost）：
本机（localhost）的服务中默认就有一个WARNING：
HTTP WARNING: HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden - 3737 bytes in 0.002 second response time
解决方法：
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# touch /var/www/html/index.html
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]#
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# service nagios restart
Running configuration check...
Stopping nagios:. done.
Starting nagios: done.
命令行测试本机的HTTP服务：
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_http -I 127.0.0.1
HTTP OK: HTTP/1.1 200 OK - 266 bytes in 0.001 second response time |time=0.000560s;;;0.000000 size=266B;;;0
现在都正常了：
Nagios服务器的Linux主机文件（localhost.cfg）：
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# cat /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg |grep -v "^#" |grep -v "^$"
define host{
use linux-server ; Name of host template to use
; This host definition will inherit all variables that are defined
; in (or inherited by) the linux-server host template definition.
host_name localhost
alias localhost
address 127.0.0.1
}
define hostgroup{
hostgroup_name linux-servers ; The name of the hostgroup
alias Linux Servers ; Long name of the group
members localhost ; Comma separated list of hosts that belong to this group
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name localhost
service_description PING
check_command check_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name localhost
service_description Root Partition
check_command check_local_disk!20%!10%!/
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name localhost
service_description Current Users
check_command check_local_users!20!50
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name localhost
service_description Total Processes
check_command check_local_procs!250!400!RSZDT
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name localhost
service_description Current Load
check_command check_local_load!5.0,4.0,3.0!10.0,6.0,4.0
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name localhost
service_description Swap Usage
check_command check_local_swap!20!10
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name localhost
service_description SSH
check_command check_ssh
notifications_enabled 0
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name localhost
service_description HTTP
check_command check_http
notifications_enabled 0
}
备注：不同主机用主机名(host_name)进行区分，服务是跟主机名的。
也可以用命令行测试远程主机的HTTP服务：
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_http -I www.baidu.com
HTTP OK: HTTP/1.0 200 OK - 286558 bytes in 3.510 second response time |time=3.509989s;;;0.000000 size=286558B;;;0
命令行测试本机的TCP 端口：
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_tcp -H 127.0.0.1 -p 80
TCP OK - 0.000 second response time on 127.0.0.1 port 80|time=0.000208s;;;0.000000;10.000000
命令行测试远程主机的TCP端口：
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_tcp -H www.baidu.com -p 80
TCP OK - 0.019 second response time on www.baidu.com port 80|time=0.019031s;;;0.000000;10.000000
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]#
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# echo $?
0
注释：TCP端口能通时，返回值为0
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_tcp -H www.baidu.com -p 888
CRITICAL - Socket timeout after 10 seconds
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]#
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# echo $?
2
注释：TCP端口不能通时，返回值为非0
命令行测试远程主机的NTP服务：（ 远程主机必须要在防火墙开启UDP 123端口 ）
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_ntp -H 192.168.168.130
NTP OK: Offset unknown|
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]#
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# echo $?
0
注释：UDP 123端口能通时，返回值为0
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_ntp -H 192.168.168.130
CRITICAL: No response from NTP server
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]#
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# echo $?
2
注释：UDP 123不能通时，返回值为非0
命令行测试远程主机是否能PING通：
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_icmp -H 192.168.168.130
OK - 192.168.168.130: rta 0.403ms, lost 0%|rta=0.403ms;200.000;500.000;0; pl=0%;40;80;; rtmax=0.497ms;;;; rtmin=0.322ms;;;;
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]#
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# echo $?
0
注释：能通时，返回值为0；不能通时，返回值为非0
可以不显示输出结果：
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_icmp -H 192.168.168.130 > /dev/null
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]#
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# echo $?
0
可以自定义输出结果：
[root@oracle-linux6 ~]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_icmp -H 192.168.168.130 > /dev/null && echo 'yes'
yes
######
查看Nagios的告警历史记录：
相关文章：
Nagios设置告警邮件
CentOS8_lnmp1.7_LAMP_安装Nagios
CentOS8_在Docker中安装Nagios |
