CentOS8_lnmp1.7_LAMP_安装Cacti
LAMP环境的安装可参考: CentOS8_lnmp1.7_LAMP_安装Nagios
[root@redhat8 ~]# /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -v
Server version: Apache/2.4.46 (Unix)
Server built: Aug 14 2021 14:58:50
[root@redhat8 ~]# mysql -V
mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.1.73, for unknown-linux-gnu (x86_64) using readline 5.1
[root@redhat8 ~]# php -v
PHP 5.3.29 (cli) (built: Aug 14 2021 15:05:35)
Copyright (c) 1997-2014 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v2.3.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2014 Zend Technologies
安装snmp、rrdtool:(使用本地光盘作为Yum源即可)
[root@redhat8 ~]# dnf -y install php-snmp net-snmp-utils rrdtool
安装Cacti:
tar -zxvf cacti-0.8.8b.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
mkdir /home/wwwroot/default/cacti
mv /usr/local/cacti-0.8.8b/* /home/wwwroot/default/cacti
rm -rf /usr/local/cacti-0.8.8b/
chown -R www:www /home/wwwroot/default/cacti
给Cacti创建库:
[root@redhat8 ~]# mysql -uroot -p888
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.1.73-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> create database cacti CHARACTER SET latin1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show create database cacti;
+----------+------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Database | Create Database |
+----------+------------------------------------------------------------------+
| cacti | CREATE DATABASE `cacti` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */ |
+----------+------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
查看所有数据库用户及其主机信息:
mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+------+-----------+
| user | host |
+------+-----------+
| root | 127.0.0.1 |
| root | localhost |
+------+-----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
查看数据库管理员root@localhost的权限:
mysql> show grants for root@localhost;
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for root@localhost |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*41DDB5DFD213B288EE050BD64DC6AA36815A3486' WITH GRANT OPTION |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
将目录/home/wwwroot/default/cacti/里的cacti.sql 导入到MySQL的库cacti里:
[root@redhat8 ~]# mysql -uroot -p888 cacti < /home/wwwroot/default/cacti/cacti.sql
修改Cacti的配置文件里的数据库连接信息:
[root@redhat8 ~]# vi /home/wwwroot/default/cacti/include/config.php
Cacti的URL PATH:(登录Cacti的Web页面的格式 http://服务器IP/cacti/ )
保存文件后,重启Apache:
[root@redhat8 ~]# systemctl restart httpd
要先运行以下脚本,删掉PHP被禁用的函数:(不然Cacti会检测不到数据)
[root@redhat8 ~]# cd lnmp1.7-full/tools/
[root@redhat8 tools]# bash remove_disable_function.sh
重启Apache:
[root@redhat8 ~]# systemctl restart httpd
先手动运行几次以下的命令:
[root@redhat8 ~]# /usr/bin/php /home/wwwroot/default/cacti/poller.php
修改crontab文件,添加RRDtool抓图任务计划:
[root@redhat8 ~]# crontab -e
追加:
*/5 * * * * /usr/bin/php /home/wwwroot/default/cacti/poller.php
######
从Windows客户端安装:
http://192.168.168.155/cacti/
默认登录用户名和密码均为 admin
强制修改初始密码的:
Cacti的主界面:
在主界面可以看到Cacti版本:
查看本机的图形信息:(要等一下才有图像出来的)
选择时间范围,查看过去1天的图形信息:
######
添加Monitor,Thold等插件:
cd /root/cacti-plugin/
tar -zxvf cacti-plugin-0.8.7g-PA-v2.8.tar.gz -C /tmp/
cd /home/wwwroot/default/cacti/
patch -p1 -N < /tmp/cacti-plugin-arch/cacti-plugin-0.8.7g-PA-v2.8.diff
cd /home/wwwroot/default/cacti/plugins
tar -zxvf /root/cacti-plugin/monitor-0.8.2.tar.gz
tar -zxvf /root/cacti-plugin/settings-0.5.tar.gz
tar -zxvf /root/cacti-plugin/thold-0.4.3.tar.gz
mysql -u root -p888 cacti < monitor/monitor.sql
mysql -u root -p888 cacti < thold/thold.sql
再次修改Cacti的配置文件:
[root@redhat8 ~]# vi /home/wwwroot/default/cacti/include/config.php
修改为:(登录Cacti的Web页面的格式 http://服务器IP/cacti/ )
保存文件后,重启Apache:
[root@redhat8 ~]# systemctl restart httpd
######
登录Cacti的Web页面 http://192.168.168.155/cacti/
点击左边导航栏“concle”》“Configuration”下的“Plugin Management”:
分别单击按钮进行激活:
以下是已激活状态:
插件安装成功了:
插件“thold”:
插件“monitor”:
Cacti使用SNMPv2c监控Ubuntu18.04.5
被监控主机的信息:
zhuohua@zhuohua_ubuntu:~$ cat /etc/issue
Ubuntu 18.04.5 LTS \n \l
zhuohua@zhuohua_ubuntu:~$ uname -r
4.15.0-112-generic
zhuohua@zhuohua_ubuntu:~$ hostname
zhuohua_ubuntu
zhuohua@zhuohua_ubuntu:~$ cat /etc/hostname
zhuohua_ubuntu
初始化系统管理员root的密码:
zhuohua@zhuohua_ubuntu:~$ sudo passwd root
[sudo] password for zhuohua: #先输入当前用户的密码
Enter new UNIX password: #输入系统管理员root的新密码
Retype new UNIX password: #输入系统管理员root的新密码
passwd: password updated successfully
切换到系统管理员root:
zhuohua@zhuohua_ubuntu:~$ su - root
Password: #输入系统管理员root的密码
root@zhuohua_ubuntu:~# pwd
/root
查看网卡的IP地址:
root@zhuohua_ubuntu:~# ifconfig
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.168.143 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.168.255
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fead:cd7c prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:ad:cd:7c txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 1163 bytes 84943 (84.9 KB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 674 bytes 88618 (88.6 KB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 291 bytes 23498 (23.4 KB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 291 bytes 23498 (23.4 KB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
被监控主机安装SNMP相关软件包:(要连接公网)
root@zhuohua_ubuntu:~# sudo apt-get update
root@zhuohua_ubuntu:~# apt-get -y install snmpd snmp snmp-mibs-downloader
SNMP服务默认已启动:
systemctl status snmpd
SNMP服务默认会开机自动启动:
root@zhuohua_ubuntu:~# systemctl is-enabled snmpd
enabled
本机测试SNMP服务是否正常:(默认就是使用SNMPv2c)
root@zhuohua_ubuntu:~# snmpwalk -v 2c -c public localhost 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1
iso.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0 = STRING: "Linux zhuohua_ubuntu 4.15.0-112-generic #113-Ubuntu SMP Thu Jul 9 23:41:39 UTC 2020 x86_64"
修改SNMP服务的两个配置文件:
root@zhuohua_ubuntu:~# vi /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
view systemonly included .1.3.6.1.2.1.1
view systemonly included .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.1
修改为:
#view systemonly included .1.3.6.1.2.1.1
#view systemonly included .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.1
view systemonly included .1
# Listen for connections from the local system only
agentAddress udp:127.0.0.1:161
# Listen for connections on all interfaces (both IPv4 *and* IPv6)
#agentAddress udp:161,udp6:[::1]:161
修改为:
# Listen for connections from the local system only
#agentAddress udp:127.0.0.1:161
# Listen for connections on all interfaces (both IPv4 *and* IPv6)
#agentAddress udp:161,udp6:[::1]:161
#SNMP Community默认就是 public
#rocommunity public localhost
# Default access to basic system info
rocommunity public default -V systemonly
# rocommunity6 is for IPv6
rocommunity6 public default -V systemonly
root@zhuohua_ubuntu:~# vi /etc/snmp/snmp.conf
mibs :
修改为:
#mibs :
重启SNMP服务:
root@zhuohua_ubuntu:~# systemctl restart snmpd
本地测试:
root@zhuohua_ubuntu:~# snmpwalk -v 2c -c public localhost .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.4.3.0
UCD-SNMP-MIB::memTotalSwap.0 = INTEGER: 2097148 kB
root@zhuohua_ubuntu:~# sudo netstat -antup | grep 161
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:161 0.0.0.0:* 16374/snmpd
Ubuntu的防火墙默认是关闭状态:
root@zhuohua_ubuntu:~# sudo ufw status
Status: inactive
######
在Cacti服务器远程测试被监控主机的SNMP服务是否正常:
[root@redhat8 ~]# snmpwalk -v 2c -c public 192.168.168.143 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1
SNMPv2-MIB::sysDescr.0 = STRING: Linux zhuohua_ubuntu 4.15.0-112-generic #113-Ubuntu SMP Thu Jul 9 23:41:39 UTC 2020 x86_64
[root@redhat8 ~]# snmpwalk -v 2c -c public 192.168.168.143 .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.4.3.0
UCD-SNMP-MIB::memTotalSwap.0 = INTEGER: 2097148 kB
######
Cacti服务器导入新的Linux主机模板:( Import Templates )
上传模板:
注释:文件从Windows客户端上传的。
导入模板:
导入成功:
######
Cacti服务器添加被监控主机:
1. 添加主机:
备注:不要用中文。
备注:
SNMP Version使用 SNMPv2c
SNMP Community使用 public
2. 为主机添加图形:
保存成功后,点击右上边的 *Create Graphs for this Host (为这个主机新建图形)
将需要的选项右边的复选框勾上,对应项就会变成黄色;选好后,点击右下角的 Create
3.把主机添加到树:
点击导航栏中“Management”下的“Graph Trees”,再点击右上角的“Add”:(创建新的树)
进入指定的树,点击“Add”:
主机成功添加到树:
正常的话,图形是有数值出现的:(需要等一段时间,才会出现的)
######
Cacti使用游客用户:(不能更改配置,但可以查看图形数据等等)
把guest改为自定义用户:
自定义用户的权限:
使用游客用户登录Cacti:
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